Statistics and Central Tendency

Statistics

¢Statistics is the discipline that concerns the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data.

¢The calculations made on the observation of units of a group or data is known as descriptive statistics

¢The primary function of descriptive statistics is to provide meaningful and convenient techniques for describing features of data which are of interest.

Example

¢A teacher wants to know the knowledge level of the students of his class

¢He made a test and distributed among his class.

¢Based on the marks given to each students, the teacher can calculate the average marks of the students in that class. Also he can compare the difference between highest and lowest marks to understand the level of students.

Functions of Statistics

¢It helps in collecting and presenting the data in a systematic manner.

¢It helps to understand unwisely and complex data by simplifying it.

¢It enables the teacher to summarize the results in a meaningful and convenient form:

¢It enables the teacher to draw general conclusions ¢It provides basis and techniques for making comparison.

¢It helps to study the relationship between different phenomena.

¢ It helps to indicate the trend of behavior.

¢It helps in prediction of the future.

Central Tendency

¢Central tendency is a single value that attempts to describe a set of data by identifying the central position within that set of data.

¢One single numerical value, which is the index of central tendency of a group, is the best representative of that group.

¢The method by which the index of central tendency is obtained is known as measures of central tendency

¢ As such, measures of central tendency are sometimes called measures of central location.

Common measures of central tendency

¢In statistics, the three most common measures of central tendency are the

¢Mean

¢Median

¢Mode

¢Each of these measures calculates the location of the central point using a different method.

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